一株深海耐嗜压菌的细胞毒活性次生代谢产物研究     

易志伟  汤熙翔  李宁  马群  王风平 《台湾海峡》2010,29(3):352-358

通过CCK8法检测分离自深海一株深海耐压菌Shewanella piezotolerans WP3次生代谢产物的细胞毒活性,研究了温度、压力、噬菌体对WP3次生代谢产物细胞毒活性的影响.发现WP3次生代谢产物具有良好细胞毒活性.低温因素可提高其细胞毒活性,在100μg/cm^3的含量下,代谢产物对肿瘤细胞Bel7402、CNE2、A549、HT1080细胞毒活性均有提高,其中对A549细胞毒活性提高了1.3倍.在最适温度（20℃）情况下,高压可降低其细胞毒活性.20 MPa培养条件下,代谢产物对4株肿瘤细胞均未表现出明显活性,而常压培养条件下对SW 480具有93.3%的抑制率,对HT1080抑制率表现出87.5%,对CNE2抑制率是79.8%.在低温情况下,压力因素对其细胞毒活性无影响,噬菌体对细胞毒活性影响不大.HPLC指纹图谱分析发现不同温度条件下,其次生代谢产物指纹图谱有变化,结合细胞毒活性结果分析,为后期分离鉴定细胞毒活性化合物提供指导.  相似文献   

Stormflow dynamics and loads of Escherichia coli in a large mixed land use catchment     

Lucy A. McKergow  Robert J. Davies‐Colley 《水文研究》2010,24(3):276-289

Storm events are major transporters of faecal microbial contaminants, but few studies have reported storm loads or concentration dynamics in relation to discharge or other pollutants, notably fine sediment. Episodically, high loads of faecal contamination during storm flows impact downstream uses of water bodies, particularly contact recreation and shellfish harvesting. We examined the storm dynamics of Escherichia coli, turbidity and discharge in the mixed land use Motueka catchment (2047 km²; 60% forest and 19% pasture) to gain insights into E. coli sources and transport. We also explored different approaches for calculating E. coli loads. Discharge and field turbidity were recorded continuously, and E. coli concentrations were sampled during events, over a 13‐month period near the mouth of the Motueka River. E. coli loads were estimated by interpolation, averaging estimators and by using linear regression with smearing correction of the log‐transformed variables: discharge, turbidity, and both turbidity and discharge. The annual E. coli load was dominated (～98%) by export during events. Comparison of monthly monitoring with the intensive storm monitoring campaign suggests that simple stratification of the sampling into storm and baseflow would greatly improve export estimates. E. coli peak concentrations always preceded discharge and turbidity peaks (which had similar timing). Turbidity can be a useful surrogate for faecal microbes in smaller catchments, but in the Motueka turbidity was no better for predicting E. coli concentration than discharge. Runoff from grazed pasture and direct deposition from livestock are probably the ultimate E. coli sources in the Motueka catchment. However, in‐channel stores seem to dominate E. coli dynamics during events and account for the typical feature of bacterial concentrations peaking ahead of discharge and turbidity. This study demonstrates the importance of storm events to faecal microbial loads and shows that E. coli concentration dynamics may contrast with those of turbidity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Microbial Activity in Marine Sediments Exposed to Hexadecane: A Laboratory Study     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(12)

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Cometabolic Degradation Kinetics of Trichloroethylene Based on Toluene Enhancement by Encapsulated Burkholderia cepacia G4          下载免费PDF全文

Shanawar Hamid  Muhammad T. Amin  Abdulrahman A. Alazba  Umair Manzoor  Muhammad N. Amin 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(11):1642-1649

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Variation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Rainwater Harvesting Systems: Effects of Seasons,Catchments and Storage Conditions          下载免费PDF全文

Mohsin Nawaz  Muhammad Tahir Amin  Mooyoung Han  Abdulrahman Ali Alazba  Umair Manzoor  Muhammad Nasir Amin 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(7):893-900

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Application of Endophytic Bacteria to Reduce Persistent Organic Pollutants Contamination in Plants          下载免费PDF全文

Xuezhu Zhu  Xue Ni  Juan Liu  Yanzheng Gao 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(3):306-310

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厦门近岸水域海洋附着细菌的群落结构及其动态变化     

徐春燕  陈澄璟  鄢庆枇  宋振荣  马英 《台湾海峡》2012,31(3):396-402

为研究海洋附着细菌的群落结构及动态变化,在厦门近岸海区进行挂板实验.将无菌玻璃板浸没于海水中,连续放置14 d.分别于放置1 h和7、14 d后取玻璃板上附着生物样品.用细菌通用引物构建16S rRNA基因克隆文库,每个克隆文库随机挑选约40个克隆子测序,序列同源性分析和系统进化分析结果表明,所有的克隆子可分为六大类群:γ-变形菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、α-变形菌纲(α-Proteobacteria)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)和真核硅藻类叶绿体,各类群分别占42.0%、4.5%、2.2%、2.2%、1.1%和45.0%.γ-变形菌纲变形斑沙雷氏菌(Serratia proteamaculans)为优势附着细菌,占测序克隆子的31.5%.这类细菌在1 h样品中的比例超过一半,说明变形斑沙雷氏菌在生物膜形成初期发挥着重要作用.随着挂板时间延长,检测到的细菌类群有所增加:附着7 d后检测到拟杆菌门细菌,附着14 d后检测到厚壁菌门细菌.γ-变形菌纲细菌所占比例随挂板时间的延长而逐渐降低,从挂板1 h的81%降至7 d的21%,14 d的18%.另外,在各阶段的附着样品中,都检测到较多的真核克隆子序列,约占16%～64%.本研究为进一步阐明海洋附着细菌的附着动态及其在生物膜形成过程中的作用奠定了基础.  相似文献   

柄海鞘共附生细菌的分离培养与系统发育多样性研究          下载免费PDF全文

苗婷婷  邢翔  杜宗军  陈冠军 《海洋科学进展》2012,30(1):111-118

通过纯培养和16SrRNA基因序列的相似性比对,并构建系统发育树对威海海域柄海鞘共附生细菌的多样性进行了研究。用2216E培养基从柄海鞘样品中分离到78株细菌,通过形态学特征和TCBS培养基选择性筛选后,选取30株具有代表性的菌株进行了16SrRNA基因测序和基于16SrRNA基因序列的系统发育多样性分析。结果表明,30株菌株分别属于细菌域的4个系统发育类群(Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,Gro-teobacteria)的11个科,11个属。根据16SrRNA基因序列,大多数菌株与其系统发育关系最密切的模式菌株之间存在一定的遗传差异(16SrRNA基因序列相似性为91.82%～98.93%)。其中菌株HQW7,HQYD1,HQWD4,HQE1和HQE2与相关模式菌株的16SrRNA基因最高相似度仅分别为91.82%,92.51%,92.99%,93.52%,93.87%,这5株菌可能代表新的分类单元。威海海域柄海鞘共附生细菌存在着较为丰富的物种多样性和系统发育多样性,并可能存在新的物种。  相似文献   

对虾高位池精养和生态养殖模式下沉积物中碳、氮元素变化及对底栖细菌的影响     

张天文  包卫洋  高磊  单洪伟  马甡 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,42(5):41-46

本文采用原位生态学研究方法分析两种较为典型的对虾养殖模式—高位池精养模式和生态养殖模式沉积物中碳、氮元素的变化和其对底栖细菌的影响.结果表明:(1)在两种养殖模式下沉积物中碳元素含量都是呈上升趋势,高位池精养模式中C∶N值呈下降趋势,而生态养殖模式中C∶N值则呈上升趋势.(2)底栖细菌的呼吸量及其生物量变化呈显著正相关.单位生物量的底栖细菌代谢力变化和沉积物中C∶N值有关.在高位池精养模式中,沉积物C∶N值较高(＞16.59),单位生物量底栖细菌代谢力保持恒定;在生态养殖模式中,沉积物C∶N值较低(＜15.58),单位生物量底栖细菌代谢力随C∶N值的上升而增加.  相似文献   

纳米磁铁矿链的仿生合成及其生物矿化意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曲晓飞  姚奇志  周根陶 《高校地质学报》2011,17(1):66-75

本文在不使用任何蛋白质或生物分子的情况下,以四方针铁矿和二价铁离子为铁源仿生合成磁铁矿纳米颗粒。实验 结果表明,在弱碱性条件下,合成的磁铁矿颗粒为35 nm左右的近似立方体,而且这些颗粒能够自发的定向排列,形成类 似趋磁细菌体内的磁小体链状结构。作者认为,由于磁铁矿晶体存在着固有的磁偶极,晶体之间的磁偶极作用力驱动着磁 铁矿颗粒自发组装成定向排列的链状结构。这就揭示了在趋磁细菌体内磁小体的矿化及组装链形成过程中,除了生物蛋白 影响外,磁小体颗粒之间的磁偶极吸引作用也可能是一个重要因素。生物蛋白和晶体化学因素可能在趋磁细菌体内生物矿 化过程中协同起作用。  相似文献